// Copyright 2022 The Bazel Authors. All rights reserved.
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.

package com.google.devtools.build.lib.worker;

import static com.google.common.collect.ImmutableSet.toImmutableSet;
import static java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets.UTF_8;

import com.google.auto.value.AutoValue;
import com.google.common.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
import com.google.common.base.Splitter;
import com.google.common.base.VerifyException;
import com.google.common.collect.HashMultimap;
import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList;
import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableMap;
import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableSet;
import com.google.common.flogger.GoogleLogger;
import com.google.devtools.build.lib.clock.Clock;
import com.google.devtools.build.lib.util.OS;
import com.google.devtools.build.lib.worker.WorkerMetric.WorkerStat;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.time.Duration;
import java.time.Instant;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;

/** Collects and populates system metrics about persistent workers. */
public class WorkerMetricsCollector {
  private static final GoogleLogger logger = GoogleLogger.forEnclosingClass();

  /** The metrics collector (a static singleton instance). Inactive by default. */
  private static final WorkerMetricsCollector instance = new WorkerMetricsCollector();

  private Clock clock;

  /**
   * Mapping of worker ids to their metrics. Contains worker ids, which memory usage could be
   * measured.
   */
  private final Map<Integer, WorkerMetric.WorkerProperties> workerIdToWorkerProperties =
      new ConcurrentHashMap<>();

  private final Map<Integer, Instant> workerLastCallTime = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();

  private MetricsWithTime lastMetrics;

  private WorkerMetricsCollector() {}

  public static WorkerMetricsCollector instance() {
    return instance;
  }

  public void setClock(Clock clock) {
    this.clock = clock;
  }

  /**
   * Collects memory usage of all ancestors of processes by pid. If a pid does not allow collecting
   * memory usage, it is silently ignored.
   */
  MemoryCollectionResult collectMemoryUsageByPid(OS os, ImmutableSet<Long> processIds) {
    // TODO(b/181317827): Support Windows.
    if (processIds.isEmpty() || (os != OS.LINUX && os != OS.DARWIN)) {
      return new MemoryCollectionResult(
          ImmutableMap.of(), Instant.ofEpochMilli(clock.currentTimeMillis()));
    }

    ImmutableMap<Long, PsInfo> psInfos;
    try {
      psInfos = collectDataFromPs();
    } catch (RuntimeException e) {
      throw new VerifyException(
          String.format("Could not collect data for pids: %s", processIds), e);
    }

    ImmutableMap<Long, Integer> pidToMemoryInKb = summarizeDescendantsMemory(psInfos, processIds);
    return new MemoryCollectionResult(
        pidToMemoryInKb, Instant.ofEpochMilli(clock.currentTimeMillis()));
  }

  private ImmutableMap<Long, Integer> summarizeDescendantsMemory(
      ImmutableMap<Long, PsInfo> pidToPsInfo, ImmutableSet<Long> processIds) {

    HashMultimap<Long, PsInfo> parentPidToPsInfo = HashMultimap.create();
    for (PsInfo psInfo : pidToPsInfo.values()) {
      parentPidToPsInfo.put(psInfo.getParentPid(), psInfo);
    }

    ImmutableMap.Builder<Long, Integer> pidToTotalMemoryInKb = ImmutableMap.builder();
    for (Long pid : processIds) {
      if (!pidToPsInfo.containsKey(pid)) {
        continue;
      }
      PsInfo psInfo = pidToPsInfo.get(pid);
      pidToTotalMemoryInKb.put(pid, collectMemoryUsageOfDescendants(psInfo, parentPidToPsInfo));
    }

    return pidToTotalMemoryInKb.buildOrThrow();
  }

  /** Recurseviely collects total memory usage of all descendants of process. */
  private int collectMemoryUsageOfDescendants(
      PsInfo psInfo, HashMultimap<Long, PsInfo> parentPidToPsInfo) {
    int currentMemoryInKb = psInfo.getMemoryInKb();
    for (PsInfo childrenPsInfo : parentPidToPsInfo.get(psInfo.getPid())) {
      currentMemoryInKb += collectMemoryUsageOfDescendants(childrenPsInfo, parentPidToPsInfo);
    }

    return currentMemoryInKb;
  }

  // Collects memory usage for every process
  private ImmutableMap<Long, PsInfo> collectDataFromPs() {
    BufferedReader psOutput;
    try {
      psOutput =
          new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(buildPsProcess().getInputStream(), UTF_8));
    } catch (IOException e) {
      logger.atWarning().withCause(e).log("Error while executing command ps");
      return ImmutableMap.of();
    }

    ImmutableMap.Builder<Long, PsInfo> psInfos = ImmutableMap.builder();

    try {
      // The output of the above ps command looks similar to this:
      // PID     PPID   RSS
      // 211706  1      222972
      // 2612333 211706 6180
      // We skip over the first line (the header) and then parse the PID and the resident memory
      // size in kilobytes.
      String output = null;
      boolean isFirst = true;
      while ((output = psOutput.readLine()) != null) {
        if (isFirst) {
          isFirst = false;
          continue;
        }
        List<String> line = Splitter.on(" ").trimResults().omitEmptyStrings().splitToList(output);
        if (line.size() != 3) {
          logger.atWarning().log("Unexpected length of split line %s %d", output, line.size());
          continue;
        }

        long pid = Long.parseLong(line.get(0));
        long parentPid = Long.parseLong(line.get(1));
        int memoryInKb = Integer.parseInt(line.get(2));

        psInfos.put(pid, PsInfo.create(pid, parentPid, memoryInKb));
      }
    } catch (IllegalArgumentException | IOException e) {
      logger.atWarning().withCause(e).log("Error while parsing psOutput: %s", psOutput);
    }

    return psInfos.buildOrThrow();
  }

  /** Parsed information about process collected after ps command call. */
  @AutoValue
  public abstract static class PsInfo {
    public abstract long getPid();

    public abstract long getParentPid();

    public abstract int getMemoryInKb();

    public static PsInfo create(long pid, long parentPid, int memoryinKb) {
      return new AutoValue_WorkerMetricsCollector_PsInfo(pid, parentPid, memoryinKb);
    }
  }

  @VisibleForTesting
  public Process buildPsProcess() throws IOException {
    return new ProcessBuilder("ps", "-e", "-o", "pid,ppid,rss").start();
  }

  /**
   * Collect worker metrics. If last collected metrics weren't more than interval time ago, then
   * returns previously collected metrics;
   */
  public ImmutableList<WorkerMetric> collectMetrics(Duration interval) {
    Instant now = Instant.ofEpochMilli(clock.currentTimeMillis());
    if (lastMetrics != null && Duration.between(lastMetrics.time, now).compareTo(interval) < 0) {
      return lastMetrics.metrics;
    }

    return collectMetrics();
  }

  // TODO(wilwell): add exception if we couldn't collect the metrics.
  public ImmutableList<WorkerMetric> collectMetrics() {
    MemoryCollectionResult memoryCollectionResult =
        collectMemoryUsageByPid(
            OS.getCurrent(),
            workerIdToWorkerProperties.values().stream()
                .map(WorkerMetric.WorkerProperties::getProcessId)
                .collect(toImmutableSet()));

    ImmutableMap<Long, Integer> pidToMemoryInKb = memoryCollectionResult.pidToMemoryInKb;
    Instant collectionTime = memoryCollectionResult.collectionTime;

    ImmutableList.Builder<WorkerMetric> workerMetrics = new ImmutableList.Builder<>();
    List<Integer> nonMeasurableWorkerIds = new ArrayList<>();
    for (WorkerMetric.WorkerProperties workerProperties : workerIdToWorkerProperties.values()) {
      Long pid = workerProperties.getProcessId();
      Integer workerId = workerProperties.getWorkerId();

      WorkerStat workerStats =
          WorkerStat.create(
              pidToMemoryInKb.getOrDefault(pid, 0),
              workerLastCallTime.get(workerId),
              collectionTime);

      workerMetrics.add(
          WorkerMetric.create(
              workerProperties, workerStats, /* isMeasurable= */ pidToMemoryInKb.containsKey(pid)));

      if (!pidToMemoryInKb.containsKey(pid)) {
        nonMeasurableWorkerIds.add(workerId);
      }
    }

    workerIdToWorkerProperties.keySet().removeAll(nonMeasurableWorkerIds);

    return updateLastCollectMetrics(workerMetrics.build(), collectionTime).metrics;
  }

  public void clear() {
    workerIdToWorkerProperties.clear();
    workerLastCallTime.clear();
    lastMetrics = null;
  }

  @VisibleForTesting
  public Map<Integer, WorkerMetric.WorkerProperties> getWorkerIdToWorkerProperties() {
    return workerIdToWorkerProperties;
  }

  @VisibleForTesting
  public Map<Integer, Instant> getWorkerLastCallTime() {
    return workerLastCallTime;
  }

  /**
   * Initializes workerIdToWorkerProperties for workers. If worker metrics already exists for this
   * worker, only updates workerLastCallTime.
   */
  public void registerWorker(WorkerMetric.WorkerProperties properties) {
    int workerId = properties.getWorkerId();

    workerIdToWorkerProperties.putIfAbsent(workerId, properties);
    workerLastCallTime.put(workerId, Instant.ofEpochMilli(clock.currentTimeMillis()));
  }

  private synchronized MetricsWithTime updateLastCollectMetrics(
      ImmutableList<WorkerMetric> metrics, Instant time) {
    lastMetrics = new MetricsWithTime(metrics, time);
    return lastMetrics;
  }

  private static class MetricsWithTime {
    public final ImmutableList<WorkerMetric> metrics;
    public final Instant time;

    public MetricsWithTime(ImmutableList<WorkerMetric> metrics, Instant time) {
      this.metrics = metrics;
      this.time = time;
    }
  }

  static class MemoryCollectionResult {
    public final ImmutableMap<Long, Integer> pidToMemoryInKb;
    public final Instant collectionTime;

    public MemoryCollectionResult(
        ImmutableMap<Long, Integer> pidToMemoryInKb, Instant collectionTime) {
      this.pidToMemoryInKb = pidToMemoryInKb;
      this.collectionTime = collectionTime;
    }
  }

  // TODO(b/238416583) Add deregister function
}