Allow starlark rules to be build settings.

For skylark rules that are declared build settings, we auto-add a nonconfigurable build_setting_default attribute which must be set on a per target basis. We also add access to the build setting value via the rule context object. All of this functionality is hidden behind the --experimental_build_setting_api flag which by default is flipped off.

This includes:
- Add a build_setting parameter to starlark rule construction.
- If a starlark rule sets the build_setting parameter, auto-add a mandatory 'build_setting_default' attribute of the same type.
- Allow the value of a build setting skylark rules to be accessed via ctx.build_setting_value.
- Get rid of BuildSettingDescriptor since we don't need both it and BuildSetting.
- Add the --experimental_build_setting_api flag to SkylarkSemantics flags.

Work towards issue #5577

PiperOrigin-RevId: 219537101