Allow starlark rules to be build settings.

For skylark rules that are declared build settings, we auto-add a nonconfigurable build_setting_default attribute which must be set on a per target basis. We also add access to the build setting value via the rule context object. All of this functionality is hidden behind the --experimental_build_setting_api flag which by default is flipped off.

This includes:
- Add a build_setting parameter to starlark rule construction.
- If a starlark rule sets the build_setting parameter, auto-add a mandatory 'build_setting_default' attribute of the same type.
- Allow the value of a build setting skylark rules to be accessed via ctx.build_setting_value.
- Get rid of BuildSettingDescriptor since we don't need both it and BuildSetting.
- Add the --experimental_build_setting_api flag to SkylarkSemantics flags.

Work towards issue #5577

PiperOrigin-RevId: 219537101
diff --git a/src/test/java/com/google/devtools/build/lib/analysis/util/BuildViewTestCase.java b/src/test/java/com/google/devtools/build/lib/analysis/util/BuildViewTestCase.java
index ef657dd..1e87ef3 100644
--- a/src/test/java/com/google/devtools/build/lib/analysis/util/BuildViewTestCase.java
+++ b/src/test/java/com/google/devtools/build/lib/analysis/util/BuildViewTestCase.java
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 import static com.google.devtools.build.lib.actions.util.ActionsTestUtil.getFirstArtifactEndingWith;
 import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
 
+import com.google.common.base.Ascii;
 import com.google.common.base.Function;
 import com.google.common.base.Optional;
 import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
@@ -341,8 +342,8 @@
     return ResourceSet.createWithRamCpu(Double.MAX_VALUE, Double.MAX_VALUE);
   }
 
-  protected final BuildConfigurationCollection createConfigurations(String... args)
-      throws Exception {
+  private BuildConfigurationCollection createConfigurations(
+      ImmutableMap<String, Object> skylarkOptions, String... args) throws Exception {
     optionsParser =
         OptionsParser.newOptionsParser(
             Iterables.concat(
@@ -358,6 +359,9 @@
     optionsParser.parse(allArgs);
     optionsParser.parse(args);
 
+    // TODO(juliexxia): when the skylark options parsing work goes in, add type verification here.
+    optionsParser.setSkylarkOptionsForTesting(skylarkOptions);
+
     InvocationPolicyEnforcer optionsPolicyEnforcer =
         getAnalysisMock().getInvocationPolicyEnforcer();
     optionsPolicyEnforcer.enforce(optionsParser);
@@ -504,20 +508,32 @@
    * Sets host and target configuration using the specified options, falling back to the default
    * options for unspecified ones, and recreates the build view.
    *
+   * TODO(juliexxia): when skylark option parsing exists, find a way to combine these parameters
+   * into a single parameter so skylark/native options don't have to be specified separately.
+   *
+   * @param skylarkOptions map of skylark-defined options where the keys are option names (in the
+   *     form of label-like strings) and the values are option values
+   * @param args native option name/pair descriptions in command line form (e.g. "--cpu=k8")
+   *
    * @throws IllegalArgumentException
    */
-  protected void useConfiguration(String... args) throws Exception {
+  protected void useConfiguration(ImmutableMap<String, Object> skylarkOptions, String... args)
+      throws Exception {
     String[] actualArgs;
     actualArgs = Arrays.copyOf(args, args.length + 1);
-    actualArgs[args.length] = "--experimental_dynamic_configs="
-        + configsMode.toString().toLowerCase();
-    masterConfig = createConfigurations(actualArgs);
+    actualArgs[args.length] =
+        "--experimental_dynamic_configs=" + Ascii.toLowerCase(configsMode.toString());
+    masterConfig = createConfigurations(skylarkOptions, actualArgs);
     targetConfig = getTargetConfiguration();
     targetConfigKey = BuildConfigurationValue.key(targetConfig);
     configurationArgs = Arrays.asList(actualArgs);
     createBuildView();
   }
 
+  protected void useConfiguration(String... args) throws Exception {
+    useConfiguration(ImmutableMap.of(), args);
+  }
+
   /**
    * Makes subsequent {@link #useConfiguration} calls automatically use the specified style for
    * configurations.
diff --git a/src/test/java/com/google/devtools/build/lib/packages/RuleClassTest.java b/src/test/java/com/google/devtools/build/lib/packages/RuleClassTest.java
index a83f34a..eb3544b 100644
--- a/src/test/java/com/google/devtools/build/lib/packages/RuleClassTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/com/google/devtools/build/lib/packages/RuleClassTest.java
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 import static com.google.devtools.build.lib.packages.BuildType.LABEL_LIST;
 import static com.google.devtools.build.lib.packages.BuildType.OUTPUT_LIST;
 import static com.google.devtools.build.lib.packages.ImplicitOutputsFunction.substitutePlaceholderIntoTemplate;
+import static com.google.devtools.build.lib.packages.RuleClass.Builder.SKYLARK_BUILD_SETTING_DEFAULT_ATTR_NAME;
 import static com.google.devtools.build.lib.packages.RuleClass.NO_EXTERNAL_BINDINGS;
 import static com.google.devtools.build.lib.syntax.Type.BOOLEAN;
 import static com.google.devtools.build.lib.syntax.Type.INTEGER;
@@ -911,7 +912,8 @@
         ExecutionPlatformConstraintsAllowed.PER_RULE,
         /* executionPlatformConstraints= */ ImmutableSet.of(),
         OutputFile.Kind.FILE,
-        ImmutableList.copyOf(attributes));
+        ImmutableList.copyOf(attributes),
+        /* buildSetting= */ null);
   }
 
   private static RuleClass createParentRuleClass() {
@@ -1233,4 +1235,34 @@
         .isEqualTo(ExecutionPlatformConstraintsAllowed.PER_TARGET);
     assertThat(childRuleClass.hasAttr("exec_compatible_with", LABEL_LIST)).isTrue();
   }
+
+  @Test
+  public void testBuildSetting_createsDefaultAttribute() {
+    RuleClass labelFlag =
+        new RuleClass.Builder("label_flag", RuleClassType.NORMAL, false)
+            .factory(DUMMY_CONFIGURED_TARGET_FACTORY)
+            .add(attr("tags", STRING_LIST))
+            .setBuildSetting(new BuildSetting(true, LABEL))
+            .build();
+    RuleClass stringSetting =
+        new RuleClass.Builder("string_setting", RuleClassType.NORMAL, false)
+            .factory(DUMMY_CONFIGURED_TARGET_FACTORY)
+            .add(attr("tags", STRING_LIST))
+            .setBuildSetting(new BuildSetting(false, STRING))
+            .build();
+
+    assertThat(labelFlag.hasAttr(SKYLARK_BUILD_SETTING_DEFAULT_ATTR_NAME, LABEL)).isTrue();
+    assertThat(stringSetting.hasAttr(SKYLARK_BUILD_SETTING_DEFAULT_ATTR_NAME, STRING)).isTrue();
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void testBuildSetting_doesNotCreateDefaultAttributeIfNotBuildSetting() {
+    RuleClass stringSetting =
+        new RuleClass.Builder("non_build_setting", RuleClassType.NORMAL, false)
+            .factory(DUMMY_CONFIGURED_TARGET_FACTORY)
+            .add(attr("tags", STRING_LIST))
+            .build();
+
+    assertThat(stringSetting.hasAttr(SKYLARK_BUILD_SETTING_DEFAULT_ATTR_NAME, LABEL)).isFalse();
+  }
 }
diff --git a/src/test/java/com/google/devtools/build/lib/packages/SkylarkSemanticsConsistencyTest.java b/src/test/java/com/google/devtools/build/lib/packages/SkylarkSemanticsConsistencyTest.java
index 7fcda27..8996b5a 100644
--- a/src/test/java/com/google/devtools/build/lib/packages/SkylarkSemanticsConsistencyTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/com/google/devtools/build/lib/packages/SkylarkSemanticsConsistencyTest.java
@@ -119,6 +119,7 @@
     return parseOptions(
         // <== Add new options here in alphabetic order ==>
         "--experimental_analysis_testing_improvements=" + rand.nextBoolean(),
+        "--experimental_build_setting_api=" + rand.nextBoolean(),
         "--experimental_cc_skylark_api_enabled_packages="
             + rand.nextDouble()
             + ","
@@ -166,6 +167,7 @@
     return SkylarkSemantics.builder()
         // <== Add new options here in alphabetic order ==>
         .experimentalAnalysisTestingImprovements(rand.nextBoolean())
+        .experimentalBuildSettingApi(rand.nextBoolean())
         .experimentalCcSkylarkApiEnabledPackages(
             ImmutableList.of(String.valueOf(rand.nextDouble()), String.valueOf(rand.nextDouble())))
         .experimentalEnableAndroidMigrationApis(rand.nextBoolean())
diff --git a/src/test/java/com/google/devtools/build/lib/skylark/SkylarkIntegrationTest.java b/src/test/java/com/google/devtools/build/lib/skylark/SkylarkIntegrationTest.java
index abc9c75..56c118e 100644
--- a/src/test/java/com/google/devtools/build/lib/skylark/SkylarkIntegrationTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/com/google/devtools/build/lib/skylark/SkylarkIntegrationTest.java
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@
 import com.google.devtools.build.lib.collect.nestedset.NestedSet;
 import com.google.devtools.build.lib.packages.AttributeContainer;
 import com.google.devtools.build.lib.packages.BuildFileContainsErrorsException;
+import com.google.devtools.build.lib.packages.BuildSetting;
 import com.google.devtools.build.lib.packages.Provider;
 import com.google.devtools.build.lib.packages.SkylarkProvider;
 import com.google.devtools.build.lib.packages.SkylarkProvider.SkylarkKey;
@@ -50,6 +51,7 @@
 import com.google.devtools.build.lib.syntax.SkylarkList;
 import com.google.devtools.build.lib.syntax.SkylarkList.MutableList;
 import com.google.devtools.build.lib.syntax.SkylarkNestedSet;
+import com.google.devtools.build.lib.syntax.Type;
 import com.google.devtools.build.lib.vfs.FileSystemUtils;
 import com.google.devtools.build.skyframe.InMemoryMemoizingEvaluator;
 import com.google.devtools.build.skyframe.SkyFunction;
@@ -2280,6 +2282,110 @@
         + "with for_analysis_testing=True");
   }
 
+
+  @Test
+  public void testBuildSettingRule_flag() throws Exception {
+    setSkylarkSemanticsOptions("--experimental_build_setting_api=true");
+
+    scratch.file("test/rules.bzl",
+        "def _impl(ctx): return None",
+        "build_setting_rule = rule(_impl, build_setting = config.string(flag=True))");
+    scratch.file("test/BUILD",
+    "load('//test:rules.bzl', 'build_setting_rule')",
+    "build_setting_rule(name = 'my_build_setting', build_setting_default = 'default')");
+
+    BuildSetting buildSetting =
+        getTarget("//test:my_build_setting")
+            .getAssociatedRule()
+            .getRuleClassObject()
+            .getBuildSetting();
+
+    assertThat(buildSetting.getType()).isEqualTo(Type.STRING);
+    assertThat(buildSetting.isFlag()).isTrue();
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void testBuildSettingRule_settingByDefault() throws Exception {
+    setSkylarkSemanticsOptions("--experimental_build_setting_api=true");
+
+    scratch.file("test/rules.bzl",
+        "def _impl(ctx): return None",
+        "build_setting_rule = rule(_impl, build_setting = config.string())");
+    scratch.file("test/BUILD",
+        "load('//test:rules.bzl', 'build_setting_rule')",
+        "build_setting_rule(name = 'my_build_setting', build_setting_default = 'default')");
+
+    BuildSetting buildSetting =
+        getTarget("//test:my_build_setting")
+            .getAssociatedRule()
+            .getRuleClassObject()
+            .getBuildSetting();
+
+    assertThat(buildSetting.getType()).isEqualTo(Type.STRING);
+    assertThat(buildSetting.isFlag()).isFalse();
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void testBuildSettingRule_settingByFlagParameter() throws Exception {
+    setSkylarkSemanticsOptions("--experimental_build_setting_api=true");
+
+    scratch.file("test/rules.bzl",
+        "def _impl(ctx): return None",
+        "build_setting_rule = rule(_impl, build_setting = config.string(flag=False))");
+    scratch.file("test/BUILD",
+        "load('//test:rules.bzl', 'build_setting_rule')",
+        "build_setting_rule(name = 'my_build_setting', build_setting_default = 'default')");
+
+    BuildSetting buildSetting =
+        getTarget("//test:my_build_setting")
+            .getAssociatedRule()
+            .getRuleClassObject()
+            .getBuildSetting();
+
+    assertThat(buildSetting.getType()).isEqualTo(Type.STRING);
+    assertThat(buildSetting.isFlag()).isFalse();
+  }
+
+
+  @Test
+  public void testBuildSettingRule_noDefault() throws Exception {
+    setSkylarkSemanticsOptions("--experimental_build_setting_api=true");
+
+    scratch.file("test/rules.bzl",
+        "def _impl(ctx): return None",
+        "build_setting_rule = rule(_impl, build_setting = config.string())");
+    scratch.file("test/BUILD",
+        "load('//test:rules.bzl', 'build_setting_rule')",
+        "build_setting_rule(name = 'my_build_setting')");
+
+    reporter.removeHandler(failFastHandler);
+    getConfiguredTarget("//test:my_build_setting");
+    assertContainsEvent("missing value for mandatory attribute "
+        + "'build_setting_default' in 'build_setting_rule' rule");
+
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void testBuildSettingRule_errorsWithoutExperimentalFlag() throws Exception {
+    setSkylarkSemanticsOptions("--experimental_build_setting_api=false");
+
+    scratch.file(
+        "test/rules.bzl",
+        "def _impl(ctx): return None",
+        "build_setting_rule = rule(_impl, build_setting = config.string())");
+    scratch.file(
+        "test/BUILD",
+        "load('//test:rules.bzl', 'build_setting_rule')",
+        "build_setting_rule(name = 'my_build_setting', build_setting_default = 'default')");
+
+    reporter.removeHandler(failFastHandler);
+    getConfiguredTarget("//test:my_build_setting");
+    assertContainsEvent(
+        "build_setting parameter is experimental and not "
+            + "available for general use. It is subject to change at any time. It may be enabled "
+            + "by specifying --experimental_build_setting_api");
+  }
+
   /**
    * Skylark integration test that forces inlining.
    */
diff --git a/src/test/java/com/google/devtools/build/lib/skylark/SkylarkRuleContextTest.java b/src/test/java/com/google/devtools/build/lib/skylark/SkylarkRuleContextTest.java
index 5521b9c..3e8c104 100644
--- a/src/test/java/com/google/devtools/build/lib/skylark/SkylarkRuleContextTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/com/google/devtools/build/lib/skylark/SkylarkRuleContextTest.java
@@ -36,7 +36,9 @@
 import com.google.devtools.build.lib.analysis.skylark.SkylarkRuleContext;
 import com.google.devtools.build.lib.analysis.util.MockRule;
 import com.google.devtools.build.lib.cmdline.Label;
+import com.google.devtools.build.lib.packages.Provider;
 import com.google.devtools.build.lib.packages.SkylarkInfo;
+import com.google.devtools.build.lib.packages.SkylarkProvider;
 import com.google.devtools.build.lib.packages.SkylarkProvider.SkylarkKey;
 import com.google.devtools.build.lib.packages.SkylarkProviderIdentifier;
 import com.google.devtools.build.lib.packages.StructImpl;
@@ -2206,4 +2208,71 @@
     SkylarkList<String> keys = (SkylarkList<String>) keyInfo.getValue("keys");
     assertThat(keys).containsExactly("c", "b", "a", "f", "e", "d").inOrder();
   }
+
+  private void writeIntFlagBuildSettingFiles() throws Exception {
+    setSkylarkSemanticsOptions("--experimental_build_setting_api=True");
+    scratch.file(
+        "test/build_setting.bzl",
+        "BuildSettingInfo = provider(fields = ['name', 'value'])",
+        "def _impl(ctx):",
+        "  return [BuildSettingInfo(name = ctx.attr.name, value = ctx.build_setting_value)]",
+        "",
+        "int_flag = rule(",
+        "  implementation = _impl,",
+        "  build_setting = config.int(flag = True),",
+        ")");
+    scratch.file(
+        "test/BUILD",
+        "load('//test:build_setting.bzl', 'int_flag')",
+        "int_flag(name = 'int_flag', build_setting_default = 42)");
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void testBuildSettingValue_explicitlySet() throws Exception {
+    writeIntFlagBuildSettingFiles();
+    useConfiguration(ImmutableMap.of("//test:int_flag", 24));
+
+    ConfiguredTarget buildSetting = getConfiguredTarget("//test:int_flag");
+    Provider.Key key =
+        new SkylarkProvider.SkylarkKey(
+            Label.create(buildSetting.getLabel().getPackageIdentifier(), "build_setting.bzl"),
+            "BuildSettingInfo");
+    StructImpl buildSettingInfo = (StructImpl) buildSetting.get(key);
+
+    assertThat(buildSettingInfo.getValue("value")).isEqualTo(24);
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void testBuildSettingValue_defaultFallback() throws Exception {
+    writeIntFlagBuildSettingFiles();
+
+    ConfiguredTarget buildSetting = getConfiguredTarget("//test:int_flag");
+    Provider.Key key =
+        new SkylarkProvider.SkylarkKey(
+            Label.create(buildSetting.getLabel().getPackageIdentifier(), "build_setting.bzl"),
+            "BuildSettingInfo");
+    StructImpl buildSettingInfo = (StructImpl) buildSetting.get(key);
+
+    assertThat(buildSettingInfo.getValue("value")).isEqualTo(42);
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void testBuildSettingValue_nonBuildSettingRule() throws Exception {
+    setSkylarkSemanticsOptions("--experimental_build_setting_api=True");
+    scratch.file(
+        "test/rule.bzl",
+        "def _impl(ctx):",
+        "  foo = ctx.build_setting_value",
+        "  return []",
+        "non_build_setting = rule(implementation = _impl)");
+    scratch.file(
+        "test/BUILD",
+        "load('//test:rule.bzl', 'non_build_setting')",
+        "non_build_setting(name = 'my_non_build_setting')");
+
+    reporter.removeHandler(failFastHandler);
+    getConfiguredTarget("//test:my_non_build_setting");
+    assertContainsEvent("attempting to access 'build_setting_value' of non-build setting "
+        + "//test:my_non_build_setting");
+  }
 }