Add Starlark API to access result of propagating aspects to targets toolchains

for an aspect applied to a target, it can see its providers on the target's toolchains through `ctx.rule.toolchains[TOOLCHAIN_TYPE]` and `ctx.rule.exec_groups[GP_NAME][TOOLCHAIN_TYPE]`. The returned value is a list of providers that the aspect (and its base aspects if any) returned.

PiperOrigin-RevId: 654128385
Change-Id: I4f60fbf0b7322259474206b94cf168ccdb1be03d
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/google/devtools/build/lib/analysis/AspectBaseTargetResolvedToolchainContext.java b/src/main/java/com/google/devtools/build/lib/analysis/AspectBaseTargetResolvedToolchainContext.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e27fd48
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/java/com/google/devtools/build/lib/analysis/AspectBaseTargetResolvedToolchainContext.java
@@ -0,0 +1,158 @@
+// Copyright 2024 The Bazel Authors. All rights reserved.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package com.google.devtools.build.lib.analysis;
+
+import com.google.auto.value.AutoValue;
+import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
+import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableMap;
+import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableMultimap;
+import com.google.common.collect.Iterables;
+import com.google.devtools.build.lib.analysis.configuredtargets.MergedConfiguredTarget;
+import com.google.devtools.build.lib.analysis.platform.ToolchainTypeInfo;
+import com.google.devtools.build.lib.cmdline.Label;
+import com.google.devtools.build.lib.packages.Provider;
+import com.google.devtools.build.lib.skyframe.ConfiguredTargetAndData;
+import com.google.devtools.build.lib.skyframe.toolchains.UnloadedToolchainContext;
+import javax.annotation.Nullable;
+import net.starlark.java.eval.EvalException;
+import net.starlark.java.eval.Printer;
+import net.starlark.java.eval.Starlark;
+import net.starlark.java.eval.StarlarkIndexable;
+import net.starlark.java.eval.StarlarkSemantics;
+
+/**
+ * A toolchain context for the aspect's base target toolchains. It is used to represent the result
+ * of applying the aspects propagation to the base target toolchains.
+ */
+@AutoValue
+public abstract class AspectBaseTargetResolvedToolchainContext
+    implements ResolvedToolchainsDataInterface<
+        AspectBaseTargetResolvedToolchainContext.ToolchainAspectsProviders> {
+
+  public abstract ImmutableMap<ToolchainTypeInfo, ToolchainAspectsProviders> getToolchains();
+
+  public static AspectBaseTargetResolvedToolchainContext load(
+      UnloadedToolchainContext unloadedToolchainContext,
+      String targetDescription,
+      ImmutableMultimap<ToolchainTypeInfo, ConfiguredTargetAndData> toolchainTargets)
+      throws DuplicateException {
+
+    ImmutableMap.Builder<ToolchainTypeInfo, ToolchainAspectsProviders> toolchainsBuilder =
+        new ImmutableMap.Builder<>();
+
+    for (var toolchainType : unloadedToolchainContext.toolchainTypeToResolved().keySet()) {
+      Preconditions.checkArgument(toolchainTargets.get(toolchainType).size() == 1);
+
+      var toolchainTarget =
+          Iterables.getOnlyElement(toolchainTargets.get(toolchainType)).getConfiguredTarget();
+
+      if (toolchainTarget instanceof MergedConfiguredTarget mergedConfiguredTarget) {
+        // Only add the aspects providers from the toolchains that the aspects applied to.
+        toolchainsBuilder.put(
+            toolchainType,
+            new ToolchainAspectsProviders(
+                mergedConfiguredTarget.getAspectsProviders(), mergedConfiguredTarget.getLabel()));
+      } else {
+        // Add empty providers for the toolchains that the aspects did not apply to.
+        toolchainsBuilder.put(
+            toolchainType,
+            new ToolchainAspectsProviders(
+                new TransitiveInfoProviderMapBuilder().build(), toolchainTarget.getLabel()));
+      }
+    }
+    ImmutableMap<ToolchainTypeInfo, ToolchainAspectsProviders> toolchains =
+        toolchainsBuilder.buildOrThrow();
+
+    return new AutoValue_AspectBaseTargetResolvedToolchainContext(
+        // ToolchainContext:
+        unloadedToolchainContext.key(),
+        unloadedToolchainContext.executionPlatform(),
+        unloadedToolchainContext.targetPlatform(),
+        unloadedToolchainContext.toolchainTypes(),
+        unloadedToolchainContext.resolvedToolchainLabels(),
+        // ResolvedToolchainsDataInterface:
+        targetDescription,
+        unloadedToolchainContext.requestedLabelToToolchainType(),
+        // this:
+        toolchains);
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  @Nullable
+  public ToolchainAspectsProviders forToolchainType(Label toolchainTypeLabel) {
+    if (requestedToolchainTypeLabels().containsKey(toolchainTypeLabel)) {
+      return getToolchains().get(requestedToolchainTypeLabels().get(toolchainTypeLabel));
+    }
+
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * A Starlark-indexable wrapper used to represent the providers of the aspects applied on the base
+   * target toolchains.
+   */
+  public static class ToolchainAspectsProviders
+      implements StarlarkIndexable, ResolvedToolchainData {
+
+    private final TransitiveInfoProviderMap aspectsProviders;
+    private final Label label;
+
+    private ToolchainAspectsProviders(TransitiveInfoProviderMap aspectsProviders, Label label) {
+      this.aspectsProviders = aspectsProviders;
+      this.label = label;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public final Object getIndex(StarlarkSemantics semantics, Object key) throws EvalException {
+      Provider constructor = selectExportedProvider(key, "index");
+      Object declaredProvider = aspectsProviders.get(constructor.getKey());
+      if (declaredProvider != null) {
+        return declaredProvider;
+      }
+      throw Starlark.errorf(
+          "%s doesn't contain declared provider '%s'",
+          Starlark.repr(this), constructor.getPrintableName());
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean containsKey(StarlarkSemantics semantics, Object key) throws EvalException {
+      return aspectsProviders.get(selectExportedProvider(key, "query").getKey()) != null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Selects the provider identified by {@code key}, throwing a Starlark error if the key is not a
+     * provider or not exported.
+     */
+    private Provider selectExportedProvider(Object key, String operation) throws EvalException {
+      if (!(key instanceof Provider constructor)) {
+        throw Starlark.errorf(
+            "This type only supports %sing by object constructors, got %s instead",
+            operation, Starlark.type(key));
+      }
+      if (!constructor.isExported()) {
+        throw Starlark.errorf(
+            "%s only supports %sing by exported providers. Assign the provider a name "
+                + "in a top-level assignment statement.",
+            Starlark.repr(this), operation);
+      }
+      return constructor;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void repr(Printer printer) {
+      printer.append("<ToolchainAspectsProviders for toolchain target: " + label + ">");
+    }
+  }
+}