Filter spawn strategies by execution platform (https://github.com/bazelbuild/bazel/pull/24265)]

This PR implements part of the [Execution Platform Scoped Spawn Strategies](https://github.com/bazelbuild/proposals/blob/2b717b19fe805c405576c4feb9ffc6b772068898/designs/2023-06-04-exec-platform-scoped-spawn-strategies.md) proposal.

It adds a new flag `--allowed_strategies_by_exec_platform` which permits filtering spawn strategies for spawns execution platform.

## Example

```ini
# //.bazelrc
# Default strategies (order sensitive)
build --spawn_strategy=remote,worker,sandboxed,local

# Mnemonic targeted strategy override (order sensitive)
build --strategy=BAR=remote,sandboxed

# Host platform allowed strategies
build --allowed_strategies_by_exec_platform=@platforms//host:host=local,sandboxed,worker

# Remote platform allowed strategies
build --allowed_strategies_by_exec_platform=//:remote_platform=remote
```

For an action with mnemonic `FOO` configured for the host platform (`@platforms//host:host`), it will resolve `worker,sandboxed,local` as it's spawn strategy candidates.
* `remote` was eliminated as a candidate (not in allow list for platform).
* Order from `--spawn_strategy` was preserved.

For an action with mnemonic `BAR` configured for the host platform (`@platforms//host:host`), it will resolve `sandboxed` as it's spawn strategy candidate.
* `remote` was eliminated as a candidate (not in allow list for platform).
* Mnemonic override applied, leaving `sandboxed` as the final candidate.

For an action with mnemonic `BAR` configured for the remote platform (`//:remote_platform`), it will resolve `remote` as it's spawn strategy candidate.
* `sandboxed` was eliminated as a candidate (not in allow list for platform).
* Mnemonic override applied, leaving `remote` as the final candidate.

If no spawn strategy candidate remains after filtering, the standard error will be logged.
```
ERROR: /workspaces/___/BUILD.bazel:3:22: _description_ [for tool] failed: _mnemonic_ spawn \
cannot be executed with any of the available strategies: []. Your --spawn_strategy, \
--genrule_strategy, --strategy and/or --allowed_strategies_by_exec_platform flags are probably \
too strict. Visit https://github.com/bazelbuild/bazel/issues/7480 for advice
```

Closes #24265.

PiperOrigin-RevId: 842893103
Change-Id: If2bdb19f08e5dd3c5941f4cfd6c39d7295ff0c25