cc_bindings_from_rs/cc_bindings_from_rs.rs - crubit - Git at Google

 // Part of the Crubit project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM
 // Exceptions. See /LICENSE for license information.
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception

 #![feature(never_type)]
 #![feature(rustc_private)]
 #![deny(rustc::internal)]

 extern crate rustc_middle;

 use arc_anyhow::{Context, Result};
 use itertools::Itertools;
 use rustc_middle::ty::TyCtxt; // See also <internal link>/ty.html#import-conventions
 use std::collections::HashMap;
 use std::path::Path;
 use std::rc::Rc;

 use bindings::Database;
 use cmdline::Cmdline;
 use code_gen_utils::CcInclude;
 use run_compiler::run_compiler;
 use token_stream_printer::{
     cc_tokens_to_formatted_string, rs_tokens_to_formatted_string, RustfmtConfig,
 };

 fn write_file(path: &Path, content: &str) -> Result<()> {
     std::fs::write(path, content)
         .with_context(|| format!("Error when writing to {}", path.display()))
 }

 fn new_db<'tcx>(cmdline: &Cmdline, tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>) -> Database<'tcx> {
     let crubit_support_path_format = cmdline.crubit_support_path_format.as_str().into();

     let mut crate_name_to_include_paths = <HashMap<Rc<str>, Vec<CcInclude>>>::new();
     for (crate_name, include_path) in &cmdline.bindings_from_dependencies {
         let paths = crate_name_to_include_paths.entry(crate_name.as_str().into()).or_default();
         paths.push(CcInclude::user_header(include_path.as_str().into()));
     }

     Database::new(
         tcx,
         crubit_support_path_format,
         crate_name_to_include_paths.into(),
         /* _features= */ (),
     )
 }

 fn run_with_tcx(cmdline: &Cmdline, tcx: TyCtxt) -> Result<()> {
     use bindings::{generate_bindings, Output};
     let Output { h_body, rs_body } = {
         let db = new_db(cmdline, tcx);
         generate_bindings(&db)?
     };

     {
         let h_body = cc_tokens_to_formatted_string(h_body, &cmdline.clang_format_exe_path)?;
         write_file(&cmdline.h_out, &h_body)?;
     }

     {
         let rustfmt_config =
             RustfmtConfig::new(&cmdline.rustfmt_exe_path, cmdline.rustfmt_config_path.as_deref());
         let rs_body = rs_tokens_to_formatted_string(rs_body, &rustfmt_config)?;
         write_file(&cmdline.rs_out, &rs_body)?;
     }

     Ok(())
 }

 /// Main entrypoint that (unlike `main`) doesn't do any intitializations that
 /// should only happen once for the binary (e.g. it doesn't call
 /// `init_env_logger`) and therefore can be used from the tests module below.
 fn run_with_cmdline_args(args: &[String]) -> Result<()> {
     let cmdline = Cmdline::new(args)?;
     run_compiler(&cmdline.rustc_args, |tcx| run_with_tcx(&cmdline, tcx))
 }

 fn main() -> Result<()> {
     // TODO: Investigate if we should install a signal handler here.  See also how
     // compiler/rustc_driver/src/lib.rs calls `signal_handler::install()`.

     // TODO(b/254689400): Provide Crubit-specific panic hook message (we shouldn't
     // use `rustc_driver::install_ice_hook` because it's message asks to file
     // bugs at https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/new.

     // `std::env::args()` will panic if any of the cmdline arguments are not valid
     // Unicode.  This seems okay.
     let args = std::env::args().collect_vec();

     run_with_cmdline_args(&args).map_err(|err| match err.downcast_ref::<clap::Error>() {
         // Explicitly call `clap::Error::exit`, because 1) it results in *colored* output and
         // 2) it uses a zero exit code for specific "errors" (e.g. for `--help` output).
         Some(clap_err) => {
             let _: ! = clap_err.exit();
         }

         // Return `err` from `main`.  This will print the error message (no color codes
         // though) and terminate the process with a non-zero exit code.
         None => err,
     })
 }

 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
     use super::*;

     use itertools::Itertools;
     use regex::{Regex, RegexBuilder};
     use run_compiler_test_support::get_sysroot_for_testing;
     use run_compiler_test_support::setup_rustc_target_for_testing;
     use std::path::PathBuf;
     use tempfile::{tempdir, TempDir};
     use token_stream_printer::{CLANG_FORMAT_EXE_PATH_FOR_TESTING, RUSTFMT_EXE_PATH_FOR_TESTING};

     /// Test data builder (see also
     /// https://testing.googleblog.com/2018/02/testing-on-toilet-cleanly-create-test.html).
     struct TestArgs {
         h_path: Option<String>,
         extra_crubit_args: Vec<String>,

         /// Arg for the following `rustc` flag: `--codegen=panic=<arg>`.
         panic_mechanism: String,

         /// Other `rustc` flags.
         extra_rustc_args: Vec<String>,

         tempdir: TempDir,
     }

     /// Result of `TestArgs::run` that helps tests access test outputs (e.g. the
     /// internally generated `h_path` and/or `rs_input_path`).
     #[derive(Debug)]
     struct TestResult {
         h_path: PathBuf,
         rs_path: PathBuf,
     }

     impl TestArgs {
         fn default_args() -> Result<Self> {
             Ok(Self {
                 h_path: None,
                 extra_crubit_args: vec![],
                 panic_mechanism: "abort".to_string(),
                 extra_rustc_args: vec![],
                 tempdir: tempdir()?,
             })
         }

         /// Use the specified `h_path` rather than auto-generating one in
         /// `self`-managed temporary directory.
         fn with_h_path(mut self, h_path: &str) -> Self {
             self.h_path = Some(h_path.to_string());
             self
         }

         /// Replaces the default `--codegen=panic=abort` with the specified
         /// `panic_mechanism`.
         fn with_panic_mechanism(mut self, panic_mechanism: &str) -> Self {
             self.panic_mechanism = panic_mechanism.to_string();
             self
         }

         /// Appends `extra_rustc_args` at the end of the cmdline (i.e. as
         /// additional rustc args, in addition to `--sysroot`,
         /// `--crate-type=...`, etc.).
         fn with_extra_rustc_args(mut self, extra_rustc_args: &[&str]) -> Self {
             self.extra_rustc_args = extra_rustc_args.iter().map(|t| t.to_string()).collect_vec();
             self
         }

         /// Appends `extra_crubit_args` before the first `--`.
         fn with_extra_crubit_args(mut self, extra_crubit_args: &[&str]) -> Self {
             self.extra_crubit_args = extra_crubit_args.iter().map(|t| t.to_string()).collect_vec();
             self
         }

         /// Invokes `super::run_with_cmdline_args` with default `test_crate.rs`
         /// input (and with other default args + args gathered by
         /// `self`).
         ///
         /// Returns the path to the `h_out` file.  The file's lifetime is the
         /// same as `&self`.
         fn run(&self) -> Result<TestResult> {
             let h_path = match self.h_path.as_ref() {
                 None => self.tempdir.path().join("test_crate_cc_api.h"),
                 Some(s) => PathBuf::from(s),
             };
             let rs_path = self.tempdir.path().join("test_crate_cc_api_impl.rs");

             let rs_input_path = self.tempdir.path().join("test_crate.rs");
             std::fs::write(
                 &rs_input_path,
                 r#" pub mod public_module {
                         pub fn public_function() {
                             private_function()
                         }

                         fn private_function() {}
                     }
                 "#,
             )?;

             let mut args = vec![
                 "cc_bindings_from_rs_unittest_executable".to_string(),
                 format!("--h-out={}", h_path.display()),
                 format!("--rs-out={}", rs_path.display()),
                 "--crubit-support-path-format=<crubit/support/{header}>".to_string(),
                 format!("--clang-format-exe-path={CLANG_FORMAT_EXE_PATH_FOR_TESTING}"),
                 format!("--rustfmt-exe-path={RUSTFMT_EXE_PATH_FOR_TESTING}"),
             ];
             args.extend(self.extra_crubit_args.iter().cloned());
             args.extend([
                 "--".to_string(),
                 format!("--codegen=panic={}", &self.panic_mechanism),
                 "--crate-type=lib".to_string(),
                 format!("--sysroot={}", get_sysroot_for_testing().display()),
                 rs_input_path.display().to_string(),
             ]);

             if let Some(target) = &setup_rustc_target_for_testing(self.tempdir.path()) {
                 args.push(format!("--target={}", target));
             }

             args.extend(self.extra_rustc_args.iter().cloned());

             run_with_cmdline_args(&args)?;

             Ok(TestResult { h_path, rs_path })
         }
     }

     // TODO(b/261074843): Go back to exact string matching (and hardcoding thunk
     // names) once we are using stable name mangling (which may be coming in Q1
     // 2023).  ("Go back" = more or less revert cl/492292910 + manual review and
     // tweaks.)
     fn assert_body_matches(actual: &str, expected: &str) {
         fn build_regex(expected_body: &str) -> Regex {
             let patt = regex::escape(expected_body);
             let patt = format!("^{patt}"); // Not always matching $ enables prefix checks below.
             let patt = patt.replace("ANY_IDENTIFIER_CHARACTERS", "[a-zA-Z0-9_]*");
             RegexBuilder::new(&patt).multi_line(false).dot_matches_new_line(false).build().unwrap()
         }
         let is_whole_h_body_matching = {
             match build_regex(expected).shortest_match(&actual) {
                 None => false,
                 Some(len) => len == actual.len(),
             }
         };
         if !is_whole_h_body_matching {
             let longest_matching_expectation_len = (0..=expected.len())
                 .rev() // Iterating from longest to shortest prefix
                 .filter(|&len| {
                     expected
                         .get(0..len) // Only valid UTF-8 boundaries
                         .filter(|prefix| build_regex(prefix).is_match(&actual))
                         .is_some()
                 })
                 .next() // Getting the first regex that matched
                 .unwrap(); // We must get a match at least for 0-length expected body
             let longest_matching_regex =
                 build_regex(&expected[0..longest_matching_expectation_len]);
             let len_of_longest_match = longest_matching_regex.shortest_match(&actual).unwrap(); // Again - we must get a match at least for 0-length expected body
             let mut marked_body = actual.to_string();
             marked_body.insert_str(len_of_longest_match, "!!!>>>");
             let mut marked_pattern = expected.to_string();
             marked_pattern.insert_str(longest_matching_expectation_len, "!!!>>>");
             panic!(
                 "Mismatched expectations:\n\
                     #### Actual body (first mismatch follows the \"!!!>>>\" marker):\n\
                     {marked_body}\n\
                     #### Mismatched pattern (mismatch follows the \"!!!>>>\" marker):\n\
                     {marked_pattern}"
             );
         }
     }

     #[test]
     fn test_happy_path() -> Result<()> {
         let test_args = TestArgs::default_args()?;
         let test_result = test_args.run().expect("Default args should succeed");

         assert!(test_result.h_path.exists());
         let temp_dir_str = test_args.tempdir.path().to_str().unwrap();
         let h_body = std::fs::read_to_string(&test_result.h_path)?;
         #[rustfmt::skip]
         assert_body_matches(
             &h_body,
             &format!(
                 "{}\n{}\n{}",
 r#"// Automatically @generated C++ bindings for the following Rust crate:
 // test_crate

 #pragma once

 namespace test_crate {

 namespace public_module {
 "#,
  // TODO(b/261185414): Avoid assuming that all source code paths are google3 paths.
 format!("// Generated from: google3/{temp_dir_str}/test_crate.rs;l=2"),
 r#"void public_function();

 namespace __crubit_internal {
 extern "C" void
 __crubit_thunk__ANY_IDENTIFIER_CHARACTERS();
 }
 inline void public_function() {
   return __crubit_internal::
       __crubit_thunk__ANY_IDENTIFIER_CHARACTERS();
 }

 }  // namespace public_module

 }  // namespace test_crate
 "#
             ),
         );

         assert!(test_result.rs_path.exists());
         let rs_body = std::fs::read_to_string(&test_result.rs_path)?;
         assert_body_matches(
             &rs_body,
             r#"// Automatically @generated C++ bindings for the following Rust crate:
 // test_crate

 #![allow(improper_ctypes_definitions)]

 #[no_mangle]
 extern "C" fn __crubit_thunk__ANY_IDENTIFIER_CHARACTERS()
 -> () {
     ::test_crate::public_module::public_function()
 }
 "#,
         );
         Ok(())
     }

     /// `test_cmdline_error_propagation` tests that errors from `Cmdline::new`
     /// get propagated. More detailed test coverage of various specific
     /// error types can be found in tests in `cmdline.rs`.
     #[test]
     fn test_cmdline_error_propagation() -> Result<()> {
         let err = TestArgs::default_args()?
             .with_extra_crubit_args(&["--unrecognized-crubit-flag"])
             .run()
             .expect_err("--unrecognized_crubit_flag should trigger an error");

         let msg = format!("{err:#}");
         assert!(msg.contains("unexpected argument '--unrecognized-crubit-flag'"), "msg = {}", msg,);
         Ok(())
     }

     /// `test_run_compiler_error_propagation` tests that errors from
     /// `run_compiler` get propagated. More detailed test coverage of
     /// various specific error types can be found in tests in `run_compiler.
     /// rs`.
     #[test]
     fn test_run_compiler_error_propagation() -> Result<()> {
         let err = TestArgs::default_args()?
             .with_extra_rustc_args(&["--unrecognized-rustc-flag"])
             .run()
             .expect_err("--unrecognized-rustc-flag should trigger an error");

         let msg = format!("{err:#}");
         assert_eq!("Errors reported by Rust compiler.", msg);
         Ok(())
     }

     /// `test_rustc_unsupported_panic_mechanism` tests that `panic=unwind`
     /// results in an error.
     ///
     /// This is tested at the `cc_bindings_from_rs.rs` level instead of at the
     /// `bindings.rs` level, because `run_compiler_test_support` doesn't
     /// support specifying a custom panic mechanism.
     #[test]
     fn test_rustc_unsupported_panic_mechanism() -> Result<()> {
         let err = TestArgs::default_args()?
             .with_panic_mechanism("unwind")
             .run()
             .expect_err("panic=unwind should trigger an error");

         let msg = format!("{err:#}");
         assert_eq!("No support for panic=unwind strategy (b/254049425)", msg);
         Ok(())
     }

     /// `test_invalid_h_out_path` tests not only the specific problem of an
     /// invalid `--h-out` argument, but also tests that errors from
     /// `run_with_tcx` are propagated.
     #[test]
     fn test_invalid_h_out_path() -> Result<()> {
         let err = TestArgs::default_args()?
             .with_h_path("../..")
             .run()
             .expect_err("Unwriteable --h-out should trigger an error");

         let msg = format!("{err:#}");
         assert_eq!("Error when writing to ../..: Is a directory (os error 21)", msg);
         Ok(())
     }
 }
	// Part of the Crubit project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM
	// Exceptions. See /LICENSE for license information.
	// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception

	#![feature(never_type)]
	#![feature(rustc_private)]
	#![deny(rustc::internal)]

	extern crate rustc_middle;

	use arc_anyhow::{Context, Result};
	use itertools::Itertools;
	use rustc_middle::ty::TyCtxt; // See also <internal link>/ty.html#import-conventions
	use std::collections::HashMap;
	use std::path::Path;
	use std::rc::Rc;

	use bindings::Database;
	use cmdline::Cmdline;
	use code_gen_utils::CcInclude;
	use run_compiler::run_compiler;
	use token_stream_printer::{
	cc_tokens_to_formatted_string, rs_tokens_to_formatted_string, RustfmtConfig,
	};

	fn write_file(path: &Path, content: &str) -> Result<()> {
	std::fs::write(path, content)
	.with_context(\|\| format!("Error when writing to {}", path.display()))
	}

	fn new_db<'tcx>(cmdline: &Cmdline, tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>) -> Database<'tcx> {
	let crubit_support_path_format = cmdline.crubit_support_path_format.as_str().into();

	let mut crate_name_to_include_paths = <HashMap<Rc<str>, Vec<CcInclude>>>::new();
	for (crate_name, include_path) in &cmdline.bindings_from_dependencies {
	let paths = crate_name_to_include_paths.entry(crate_name.as_str().into()).or_default();
	paths.push(CcInclude::user_header(include_path.as_str().into()));
	}

	Database::new(
	tcx,
	crubit_support_path_format,
	crate_name_to_include_paths.into(),
	/* _features= */ (),
	)
	}

	fn run_with_tcx(cmdline: &Cmdline, tcx: TyCtxt) -> Result<()> {
	use bindings::{generate_bindings, Output};
	let Output { h_body, rs_body } = {
	let db = new_db(cmdline, tcx);
	generate_bindings(&db)?
	};

	{
	let h_body = cc_tokens_to_formatted_string(h_body, &cmdline.clang_format_exe_path)?;
	write_file(&cmdline.h_out, &h_body)?;
	}

	{
	let rustfmt_config =
	RustfmtConfig::new(&cmdline.rustfmt_exe_path, cmdline.rustfmt_config_path.as_deref());
	let rs_body = rs_tokens_to_formatted_string(rs_body, &rustfmt_config)?;
	write_file(&cmdline.rs_out, &rs_body)?;
	}

	Ok(())
	}

	/// Main entrypoint that (unlike `main`) doesn't do any intitializations that
	/// should only happen once for the binary (e.g. it doesn't call
	/// `init_env_logger`) and therefore can be used from the tests module below.
	fn run_with_cmdline_args(args: &[String]) -> Result<()> {
	let cmdline = Cmdline::new(args)?;
	run_compiler(&cmdline.rustc_args, \|tcx\| run_with_tcx(&cmdline, tcx))
	}

	fn main() -> Result<()> {
	// TODO: Investigate if we should install a signal handler here. See also how
	// compiler/rustc_driver/src/lib.rs calls `signal_handler::install()`.

	// TODO(b/254689400): Provide Crubit-specific panic hook message (we shouldn't
	// use `rustc_driver::install_ice_hook` because it's message asks to file
	// bugs at https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/new.

	// `std::env::args()` will panic if any of the cmdline arguments are not valid
	// Unicode. This seems okay.
	let args = std::env::args().collect_vec();

	run_with_cmdline_args(&args).map_err(\|err\| match err.downcast_ref::<clap::Error>() {
	// Explicitly call `clap::Error::exit`, because 1) it results in colored output and
	// 2) it uses a zero exit code for specific "errors" (e.g. for `--help` output).
	Some(clap_err) => {
	let _: ! = clap_err.exit();
	}

	// Return `err` from `main`. This will print the error message (no color codes
	// though) and terminate the process with a non-zero exit code.
	None => err,
	})
	}

	#[cfg(test)]
	mod tests {
	use super::*;

	use itertools::Itertools;
	use regex::{Regex, RegexBuilder};
	use run_compiler_test_support::get_sysroot_for_testing;
	use run_compiler_test_support::setup_rustc_target_for_testing;
	use std::path::PathBuf;
	use tempfile::{tempdir, TempDir};
	use token_stream_printer::{CLANG_FORMAT_EXE_PATH_FOR_TESTING, RUSTFMT_EXE_PATH_FOR_TESTING};

	/// Test data builder (see also
	/// https://testing.googleblog.com/2018/02/testing-on-toilet-cleanly-create-test.html).
	struct TestArgs {
	h_path: Option<String>,
	extra_crubit_args: Vec<String>,

	/// Arg for the following `rustc` flag: `--codegen=panic=<arg>`.
	panic_mechanism: String,

	/// Other `rustc` flags.
	extra_rustc_args: Vec<String>,

	tempdir: TempDir,
	}

	/// Result of `TestArgs::run` that helps tests access test outputs (e.g. the
	/// internally generated `h_path` and/or `rs_input_path`).
	#[derive(Debug)]
	struct TestResult {
	h_path: PathBuf,
	rs_path: PathBuf,
	}

	impl TestArgs {
	fn default_args() -> Result<Self> {
	Ok(Self {
	h_path: None,
	extra_crubit_args: vec![],
	panic_mechanism: "abort".to_string(),
	extra_rustc_args: vec![],
	tempdir: tempdir()?,
	})
	}

	/// Use the specified `h_path` rather than auto-generating one in
	/// `self`-managed temporary directory.
	fn with_h_path(mut self, h_path: &str) -> Self {
	self.h_path = Some(h_path.to_string());
	self
	}

	/// Replaces the default `--codegen=panic=abort` with the specified
	/// `panic_mechanism`.
	fn with_panic_mechanism(mut self, panic_mechanism: &str) -> Self {
	self.panic_mechanism = panic_mechanism.to_string();
	self
	}

	/// Appends `extra_rustc_args` at the end of the cmdline (i.e. as
	/// additional rustc args, in addition to `--sysroot`,
	/// `--crate-type=...`, etc.).
	fn with_extra_rustc_args(mut self, extra_rustc_args: &[&str]) -> Self {
	self.extra_rustc_args = extra_rustc_args.iter().map(\|t\| t.to_string()).collect_vec();
	self
	}

	/// Appends `extra_crubit_args` before the first `--`.
	fn with_extra_crubit_args(mut self, extra_crubit_args: &[&str]) -> Self {
	self.extra_crubit_args = extra_crubit_args.iter().map(\|t\| t.to_string()).collect_vec();
	self
	}

	/// Invokes `super::run_with_cmdline_args` with default `test_crate.rs`
	/// input (and with other default args + args gathered by
	/// `self`).
	///
	/// Returns the path to the `h_out` file. The file's lifetime is the
	/// same as `&self`.
	fn run(&self) -> Result<TestResult> {
	let h_path = match self.h_path.as_ref() {
	None => self.tempdir.path().join("test_crate_cc_api.h"),
	Some(s) => PathBuf::from(s),
	};
	let rs_path = self.tempdir.path().join("test_crate_cc_api_impl.rs");

	let rs_input_path = self.tempdir.path().join("test_crate.rs");
	std::fs::write(
	&rs_input_path,
	r#" pub mod public_module {
	pub fn public_function() {
	private_function()
	}

	fn private_function() {}
	}
	"#,
	)?;

	let mut args = vec![
	"cc_bindings_from_rs_unittest_executable".to_string(),
	format!("--h-out={}", h_path.display()),
	format!("--rs-out={}", rs_path.display()),
	"--crubit-support-path-format=<crubit/support/{header}>".to_string(),
	format!("--clang-format-exe-path={CLANG_FORMAT_EXE_PATH_FOR_TESTING}"),
	format!("--rustfmt-exe-path={RUSTFMT_EXE_PATH_FOR_TESTING}"),
	];
	args.extend(self.extra_crubit_args.iter().cloned());
	args.extend([
	"--".to_string(),
	format!("--codegen=panic={}", &self.panic_mechanism),
	"--crate-type=lib".to_string(),
	format!("--sysroot={}", get_sysroot_for_testing().display()),
	rs_input_path.display().to_string(),
	]);

	if let Some(target) = &setup_rustc_target_for_testing(self.tempdir.path()) {
	args.push(format!("--target={}", target));
	}

	args.extend(self.extra_rustc_args.iter().cloned());

	run_with_cmdline_args(&args)?;

	Ok(TestResult { h_path, rs_path })
	}
	}

	// TODO(b/261074843): Go back to exact string matching (and hardcoding thunk
	// names) once we are using stable name mangling (which may be coming in Q1
	// 2023). ("Go back" = more or less revert cl/492292910 + manual review and
	// tweaks.)
	fn assert_body_matches(actual: &str, expected: &str) {
	fn build_regex(expected_body: &str) -> Regex {
	let patt = regex::escape(expected_body);
	let patt = format!("^{patt}"); // Not always matching $ enables prefix checks below.
	let patt = patt.replace("ANY_IDENTIFIER_CHARACTERS", "[a-zA-Z0-9_]*");
	RegexBuilder::new(&patt).multi_line(false).dot_matches_new_line(false).build().unwrap()
	}
	let is_whole_h_body_matching = {
	match build_regex(expected).shortest_match(&actual) {
	None => false,
	Some(len) => len == actual.len(),
	}
	};
	if !is_whole_h_body_matching {
	let longest_matching_expectation_len = (0..=expected.len())
	.rev() // Iterating from longest to shortest prefix
	.filter(\|&len\| {
	expected
	.get(0..len) // Only valid UTF-8 boundaries
	.filter(\|prefix\| build_regex(prefix).is_match(&actual))
	.is_some()
	})
	.next() // Getting the first regex that matched
	.unwrap(); // We must get a match at least for 0-length expected body
	let longest_matching_regex =
	build_regex(&expected[0..longest_matching_expectation_len]);
	let len_of_longest_match = longest_matching_regex.shortest_match(&actual).unwrap(); // Again - we must get a match at least for 0-length expected body
	let mut marked_body = actual.to_string();
	marked_body.insert_str(len_of_longest_match, "!!!>>>");
	let mut marked_pattern = expected.to_string();
	marked_pattern.insert_str(longest_matching_expectation_len, "!!!>>>");
	panic!(
	"Mismatched expectations:\n\
	#### Actual body (first mismatch follows the \"!!!>>>\" marker):\n\
	{marked_body}\n\
	#### Mismatched pattern (mismatch follows the \"!!!>>>\" marker):\n\
	{marked_pattern}"
	);
	}
	}

	#[test]
	fn test_happy_path() -> Result<()> {
	let test_args = TestArgs::default_args()?;
	let test_result = test_args.run().expect("Default args should succeed");

	assert!(test_result.h_path.exists());
	let temp_dir_str = test_args.tempdir.path().to_str().unwrap();
	let h_body = std::fs::read_to_string(&test_result.h_path)?;
	#[rustfmt::skip]
	assert_body_matches(
	&h_body,
	&format!(
	"{}\n{}\n{}",
	r#"// Automatically @generated C++ bindings for the following Rust crate:
	// test_crate

	#pragma once

	namespace test_crate {

	namespace public_module {
	"#,
	// TODO(b/261185414): Avoid assuming that all source code paths are google3 paths.
	format!("// Generated from: google3/{temp_dir_str}/test_crate.rs;l=2"),
	r#"void public_function();

	namespace __crubit_internal {
	extern "C" void
	__crubit_thunk__ANY_IDENTIFIER_CHARACTERS();
	}
	inline void public_function() {
	return __crubit_internal::
	__crubit_thunk__ANY_IDENTIFIER_CHARACTERS();
	}

	} // namespace public_module

	} // namespace test_crate
	"#
	),
	);

	assert!(test_result.rs_path.exists());
	let rs_body = std::fs::read_to_string(&test_result.rs_path)?;
	assert_body_matches(
	&rs_body,
	r#"// Automatically @generated C++ bindings for the following Rust crate:
	// test_crate

	#![allow(improper_ctypes_definitions)]

	#[no_mangle]
	extern "C" fn __crubit_thunk__ANY_IDENTIFIER_CHARACTERS()
	-> () {
	::test_crate::public_module::public_function()
	}
	"#,
	);
	Ok(())
	}

	/// `test_cmdline_error_propagation` tests that errors from `Cmdline::new`
	/// get propagated. More detailed test coverage of various specific
	/// error types can be found in tests in `cmdline.rs`.
	#[test]
	fn test_cmdline_error_propagation() -> Result<()> {
	let err = TestArgs::default_args()?
	.with_extra_crubit_args(&["--unrecognized-crubit-flag"])
	.run()
	.expect_err("--unrecognized_crubit_flag should trigger an error");

	let msg = format!("{err:#}");
	assert!(msg.contains("unexpected argument '--unrecognized-crubit-flag'"), "msg = {}", msg,);
	Ok(())
	}

	/// `test_run_compiler_error_propagation` tests that errors from
	/// `run_compiler` get propagated. More detailed test coverage of
	/// various specific error types can be found in tests in `run_compiler.
	/// rs`.
	#[test]
	fn test_run_compiler_error_propagation() -> Result<()> {
	let err = TestArgs::default_args()?
	.with_extra_rustc_args(&["--unrecognized-rustc-flag"])
	.run()
	.expect_err("--unrecognized-rustc-flag should trigger an error");

	let msg = format!("{err:#}");
	assert_eq!("Errors reported by Rust compiler.", msg);
	Ok(())
	}

	/// `test_rustc_unsupported_panic_mechanism` tests that `panic=unwind`
	/// results in an error.
	///
	/// This is tested at the `cc_bindings_from_rs.rs` level instead of at the
	/// `bindings.rs` level, because `run_compiler_test_support` doesn't
	/// support specifying a custom panic mechanism.
	#[test]
	fn test_rustc_unsupported_panic_mechanism() -> Result<()> {
	let err = TestArgs::default_args()?
	.with_panic_mechanism("unwind")
	.run()
	.expect_err("panic=unwind should trigger an error");

	let msg = format!("{err:#}");
	assert_eq!("No support for panic=unwind strategy (b/254049425)", msg);
	Ok(())
	}

	/// `test_invalid_h_out_path` tests not only the specific problem of an
	/// invalid `--h-out` argument, but also tests that errors from
	/// `run_with_tcx` are propagated.
	#[test]
	fn test_invalid_h_out_path() -> Result<()> {
	let err = TestArgs::default_args()?
	.with_h_path("../..")
	.run()
	.expect_err("Unwriteable --h-out should trigger an error");

	let msg = format!("{err:#}");
	assert_eq!("Error when writing to ../..: Is a directory (os error 21)", msg);
	Ok(())
	}
	}