src/main/java/com/google/devtools/build/lib/exec/TestStrategy.java - bazel - Git at Google

 // Copyright 2014 The Bazel Authors. All rights reserved.
 //
 // Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 // you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 // You may obtain a copy of the License at
 //
 // http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 //
 // Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 // distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 // WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 // limitations under the License.

 package com.google.devtools.build.lib.exec;

 import com.google.common.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
 import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
 import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList;
 import com.google.common.collect.Iterables;
 import com.google.common.collect.Lists;
 import com.google.common.util.concurrent.ListenableFuture;
 import com.google.common.util.concurrent.SettableFuture;
 import com.google.devtools.build.lib.actions.ActionExecutionContext;
 import com.google.devtools.build.lib.actions.ActionOwner;
 import com.google.devtools.build.lib.actions.Artifact;
 import com.google.devtools.build.lib.actions.CommandLineExpansionException;
 import com.google.devtools.build.lib.actions.ExecException;
 import com.google.devtools.build.lib.actions.UserExecException;
 import com.google.devtools.build.lib.analysis.config.BuildConfiguration;
 import com.google.devtools.build.lib.analysis.config.PerLabelOptions;
 import com.google.devtools.build.lib.analysis.test.TestActionContext;
 import com.google.devtools.build.lib.analysis.test.TestConfiguration;
 import com.google.devtools.build.lib.analysis.test.TestResult;
 import com.google.devtools.build.lib.analysis.test.TestRunnerAction;
 import com.google.devtools.build.lib.analysis.test.TestRunnerAction.ResolvedPaths;
 import com.google.devtools.build.lib.analysis.test.TestTargetExecutionSettings;
 import com.google.devtools.build.lib.cmdline.Label;
 import com.google.devtools.build.lib.events.Event;
 import com.google.devtools.build.lib.events.EventKind;
 import com.google.devtools.build.lib.util.Fingerprint;
 import com.google.devtools.build.lib.util.OS;
 import com.google.devtools.build.lib.util.io.OutErr;
 import com.google.devtools.build.lib.vfs.Path;
 import com.google.devtools.build.lib.vfs.PathFragment;
 import com.google.devtools.build.lib.view.test.TestStatus.BlazeTestStatus;
 import com.google.devtools.build.lib.view.test.TestStatus.TestCase;
 import com.google.devtools.build.lib.view.test.TestStatus.TestResultData;
 import com.google.devtools.common.options.EnumConverter;
 import java.io.Closeable;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.InputStream;
 import java.time.Duration;
 import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.Objects;
 import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
 import javax.annotation.Nullable;

 /** A strategy for executing a {@link TestRunnerAction}. */
 public abstract class TestStrategy implements TestActionContext {
   private final ConcurrentHashMap<ShardKey, ListenableFuture<Void>> futures =
       new ConcurrentHashMap<>();

   /**
    * Ensures that all directories used to run test are in the correct state and their content will
    * not result in stale files.
    */
   protected void prepareFileSystem(
       TestRunnerAction testAction, Path execRoot, Path tmpDir, Path workingDirectory)
       throws IOException {
     if (tmpDir != null) {
       recreateDirectory(tmpDir);
     }
     if (workingDirectory != null) {
       workingDirectory.createDirectoryAndParents();
     }

     ResolvedPaths resolvedPaths = testAction.resolve(execRoot);
     if (testAction.isCoverageMode()) {
       recreateDirectory(resolvedPaths.getCoverageDirectory());
     }

     resolvedPaths.getBaseDir().createDirectoryAndParents();
     resolvedPaths.getUndeclaredOutputsDir().createDirectoryAndParents();
     resolvedPaths.getUndeclaredOutputsAnnotationsDir().createDirectoryAndParents();
     resolvedPaths.getSplitLogsDir().createDirectoryAndParents();
   }

   /**
    * Ensures that all directories used to run test are in the correct state and their content will
    * not result in stale files. Only use this if no local tmp and working directory are required.
    */
   protected void prepareFileSystem(TestRunnerAction testAction, Path execRoot) throws IOException {
     prepareFileSystem(testAction, execRoot, null, null);
   }

   /** Removes directory if it exists and recreates it. */
   private void recreateDirectory(Path directory) throws IOException {
     directory.deleteTree();
     directory.createDirectoryAndParents();
   }

   /** An enum for specifying different formats of test output. */
   public enum TestOutputFormat {
     SUMMARY, // Provide summary output only.
     ERRORS, // Print output from failed tests to the stderr after the test failure.
     ALL, // Print output from all tests to the stderr after the test completion.
     STREAMED; // Stream output for each test.

     /** Converts to {@link TestOutputFormat}. */
     public static class Converter extends EnumConverter<TestOutputFormat> {
       public Converter() {
         super(TestOutputFormat.class, "test output");
       }
     }
   }

   /** An enum for specifying different formatting styles of test summaries. */
   public enum TestSummaryFormat {
     SHORT, // Print information only about tests.
     TERSE, // Like "SHORT", but even shorter: Do not print PASSED and NO STATUS tests.
     DETAILED, // Print information only about failed test cases.
     NONE, // Do not print summary.
     TESTCASE; // Print summary in test case resolution, do not print detailed information about
     // failed test cases.

     /** Converts to {@link TestSummaryFormat}. */
     public static class Converter extends EnumConverter<TestSummaryFormat> {
       public Converter() {
         super(TestSummaryFormat.class, "test summary");
       }
     }
   }

   public static final PathFragment TEST_TMP_ROOT = PathFragment.create("_tmp");

   // Used for generating unique temporary directory names. Contains the next numeric index for every
   // executable base name.
   private final Map<String, Integer> tmpIndex = new HashMap<>();
   protected final ExecutionOptions executionOptions;
   protected final BinTools binTools;

   public TestStrategy(ExecutionOptions executionOptions, BinTools binTools) {
     this.executionOptions = executionOptions;
     this.binTools = binTools;
   }

   @Override
   public final boolean isTestKeepGoing() {
     return executionOptions.testKeepGoing;
   }

   @Override
   public final ListenableFuture<Void> getTestCancelFuture(ActionOwner owner, int shardNum) {
     ShardKey key = new ShardKey(owner, shardNum);
     return futures.computeIfAbsent(key, (k) -> SettableFuture.<Void>create());
   }

   /**
    * Generates a command line to run for the test action, taking into account coverage and {@code
    * --run_under} settings.
    *
    * <p>Basically {@code expandedArgsFromAction}, but throws ExecException instead. This should be
    * used in action execution.
    *
    * @param testAction The test action.
    * @return the command line as string list.
    * @throws ExecException
    */
   public static ImmutableList<String> getArgs(TestRunnerAction testAction) throws ExecException {
     try {
       return expandedArgsFromAction(testAction);
     } catch (CommandLineExpansionException e) {
       throw new UserExecException(e);
     }
   }

   /**
    * Generates a command line to run for the test action, taking into account coverage and {@code
    * --run_under} settings.
    *
    * @param testAction The test action.
    * @return the command line as string list.
    * @throws CommandLineExpansionException
    */
   public static ImmutableList<String> expandedArgsFromAction(TestRunnerAction testAction)
       throws CommandLineExpansionException {
     List<String> args = Lists.newArrayList();
     // TODO(ulfjack): `executedOnWindows` is incorrect for remote execution, where we need to
     // consider the target configuration, not the machine Bazel happens to run on. Change this to
     // something like: testAction.getConfiguration().getTargetOS() == OS.WINDOWS
     final boolean executedOnWindows = (OS.getCurrent() == OS.WINDOWS);

     Artifact testSetup = testAction.getTestSetupScript();
     args.add(testSetup.getExecPath().getCallablePathString());

     if (testAction.isCoverageMode()) {
       args.add(testAction.getCollectCoverageScript().getExecPathString());
     }

     TestTargetExecutionSettings execSettings = testAction.getExecutionSettings();

     // Insert the command prefix specified by the "--run_under=<command-prefix>" option, if any.
     if (execSettings.getRunUnder() != null) {
       addRunUnderArgs(testAction, args, executedOnWindows);
     }

     // Execute the test using the alias in the runfiles tree, as mandated by the Test Encyclopedia.
     args.add(execSettings.getExecutable().getRootRelativePath().getCallablePathString());
     Iterables.addAll(args, execSettings.getArgs().arguments());
     return ImmutableList.copyOf(args);
   }

   private static void addRunUnderArgs(
       TestRunnerAction testAction, List<String> args, boolean executedOnWindows) {
     TestTargetExecutionSettings execSettings = testAction.getExecutionSettings();
     if (execSettings.getRunUnderExecutable() != null) {
       args.add(execSettings.getRunUnderExecutable().getRootRelativePath().getCallablePathString());
     } else {
       if (execSettings.needsShell(executedOnWindows)) {
         // TestActionBuilder constructs TestRunnerAction with a 'null' shell only when none is
         // required. Something clearly went wrong.
         Preconditions.checkNotNull(testAction.getShExecutableMaybe(), "%s", testAction);
         String shellExecutable = testAction.getShExecutableMaybe().getPathString();
         args.add(shellExecutable);
         args.add("-c");
         args.add("\"$@\"");
         args.add(shellExecutable); // Sets $0.
       }
       args.add(execSettings.getRunUnder().getCommand());
     }
     args.addAll(testAction.getExecutionSettings().getRunUnder().getOptions());
   }

   /**
    * Returns the number of attempts specific test action can be retried.
    *
    * <p>For rules with "flaky = 1" attribute, this method will return 3 unless --flaky_test_attempts
    * option is given and specifies another value.
    */
   @VisibleForTesting /* protected */
   public int getTestAttempts(TestRunnerAction action) {
     return action.getTestProperties().isFlaky()
         ? getTestAttemptsForFlakyTest(action)
         : getTestAttempts(action, /*defaultTestAttempts=*/ 1);
   }

   public int getTestAttemptsForFlakyTest(TestRunnerAction action) {
     return getTestAttempts(action, /*defaultTestAttempts=*/ 3);
   }

   private int getTestAttempts(TestRunnerAction action, int defaultTestAttempts) {
     Label testLabel = action.getOwner().getLabel();
     return getTestAttemptsPerLabel(executionOptions, testLabel, defaultTestAttempts);
   }

   private static int getTestAttemptsPerLabel(
       ExecutionOptions options, Label label, int defaultTestAttempts) {
     // Check from the last provided, so that the last option provided takes precedence.
     for (PerLabelOptions perLabelAttempts : Lists.reverse(options.testAttempts)) {
       if (perLabelAttempts.isIncluded(label)) {
         String attempts = Iterables.getOnlyElement(perLabelAttempts.getOptions());
         if ("default".equals(attempts)) {
           return defaultTestAttempts;
         }
         return Integer.parseInt(attempts);
       }
     }
     return defaultTestAttempts;
   }

   /**
    * Returns timeout value in seconds that should be used for the given test action. We always use
    * the "categorical timeouts" which are based on the --test_timeout flag. A rule picks its timeout
    * but ends up with the same effective value as all other rules in that bucket.
    */
   protected final Duration getTimeout(TestRunnerAction testAction) {
     BuildConfiguration configuration = testAction.getConfiguration();
     return configuration
         .getFragment(TestConfiguration.class)
         .getTestTimeout()
         .get(testAction.getTestProperties().getTimeout());
   }

   /*
    * Finalize test run: persist the result, and post on the event bus.
    */
   protected void postTestResult(ActionExecutionContext actionExecutionContext, TestResult result)
       throws IOException {
     result.getTestAction().saveCacheStatus(actionExecutionContext, result.getData());
     actionExecutionContext.getEventHandler().post(result);
   }

   /**
    * Returns a unique name for a temporary directory a test could use.
    *
    * <p>Since each test within single Blaze run must have a unique TEST_TMPDIR, we will use rule
    * name and a unique (within single Blaze request) number to generate directory name.
    *
    * <p>This does not create the directory.
    */
   protected String getTmpDirName(PathFragment execPath) {
     String basename = execPath.getBaseName();

     synchronized (tmpIndex) {
       int index = tmpIndex.containsKey(basename) ? tmpIndex.get(basename) : 1;
       tmpIndex.put(basename, index + 1);
       return basename + "_" + index;
     }
   }

   public static String getTmpDirName(TestRunnerAction action) {
     Fingerprint digest = new Fingerprint();
     digest.addPath(action.getExecutionSettings().getExecutable().getExecPath());
     digest.addInt(action.getShardNum());
     digest.addInt(action.getRunNumber());
     // Truncate the string to 32 character to avoid exceeding path length limit on Windows and macOS
     return digest.hexDigestAndReset().substring(0, 32);
   }

   /** Parse a test result XML file into a {@link TestCase}. */
   @Nullable
   protected TestCase parseTestResult(Path resultFile) {
     /* xml files. We avoid parsing it unnecessarily, since test results can potentially consume
     a large amount of memory. */
     if ((executionOptions.testSummary != TestSummaryFormat.DETAILED)
         && (executionOptions.testSummary != TestSummaryFormat.TESTCASE)) {
       return null;
     }

     try (InputStream fileStream = resultFile.getInputStream()) {
       return new TestXmlOutputParser().parseXmlIntoTestResult(fileStream);
     } catch (IOException | TestXmlOutputParserException e) {
       return null;
     }
   }

   /**
    * Outputs test result to the stdout after test has finished (e.g. for --test_output=all or
    * --test_output=errors). Will also try to group output lines together (up to 10000 lines) so
    * parallel test outputs will not get interleaved.
    */
   protected void processTestOutput(
       ActionExecutionContext actionExecutionContext,
       TestResultData testResultData,
       String testName,
       Path testLog)
       throws IOException {
     boolean isPassed = testResultData.getTestPassed();
     try {
       if (testResultData.getStatus() != BlazeTestStatus.INCOMPLETE
           && TestLogHelper.shouldOutputTestLog(executionOptions.testOutput, isPassed)) {
         TestLogHelper.writeTestLog(
             testLog, testName, actionExecutionContext.getFileOutErr().getOutputStream());
       }
     } finally {
       if (isPassed) {
         actionExecutionContext.getEventHandler().handle(Event.of(EventKind.PASS, null, testName));
       } else {
         if (testResultData.hasStatusDetails()) {
           actionExecutionContext
               .getEventHandler()
               .handle(Event.error(testName + ": " + testResultData.getStatusDetails()));
         }
         if (testResultData.getStatus() == BlazeTestStatus.TIMEOUT) {
           actionExecutionContext
               .getEventHandler()
               .handle(Event.of(EventKind.TIMEOUT, null, testName + " (see " + testLog + ")"));
         } else if (testResultData.getStatus() == BlazeTestStatus.INCOMPLETE) {
           actionExecutionContext
               .getEventHandler()
               .handle(Event.of(EventKind.CANCELLED, null, testName));
         } else {
           actionExecutionContext
               .getEventHandler()
               .handle(Event.of(EventKind.FAIL, null, testName + " (see " + testLog + ")"));
         }
       }
     }
   }

   /**
    * Returns a temporary directory for all tests in a workspace to use. Individual tests should
    * create child directories to actually use.
    *
    * <p>This either dynamically generates a directory name or uses the directory specified by
    * --test_tmpdir. This does not create the directory.
    */
   public static Path getTmpRoot(Path workspace, Path execRoot, ExecutionOptions executionOptions) {
     return executionOptions.testTmpDir != null
         ? workspace.getRelative(executionOptions.testTmpDir).getRelative(TEST_TMP_ROOT)
         : execRoot.getRelative(TEST_TMP_ROOT);
   }

   /**
    * For an given environment, returns a subset containing all variables in the given list if they
    * are defined in the given environment.
    */
   @VisibleForTesting
   public static Map<String, String> getMapping(
       Iterable<String> variables, Map<String, String> environment) {
     Map<String, String> result = new HashMap<>();
     for (String var : variables) {
       if (environment.containsKey(var)) {
         result.put(var, environment.get(var));
       }
     }
     return result;
   }

   protected static void closeSuppressed(Throwable e, @Nullable Closeable c) {
     if (c == null) {
       return;
     }
     try {
       c.close();
     } catch (IOException e2) {
       e.addSuppressed(e2);
     }
   }

   protected Closeable createStreamedTestOutput(OutErr outErr, Path testLogPath) throws IOException {
     return new StreamedTestOutput(outErr, testLogPath);
   }

   private static final class ShardKey {
     private final ActionOwner owner;
     private final int shard;

     ShardKey(ActionOwner owner, int shard) {
       this.owner = Preconditions.checkNotNull(owner);
       this.shard = shard;
     }

     @Override
     public int hashCode() {
       return Objects.hash(owner, shard);
     }

     @Override
     public boolean equals(Object o) {
       if (this == o) {
         return true;
       }
       if (!(o instanceof ShardKey)) {
         return false;
       }
       ShardKey s = (ShardKey) o;
       return owner.equals(s.owner) && shard == s.shard;
     }
   }
 }
	// Copyright 2014 The Bazel Authors. All rights reserved.
	//
	// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
	// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
	// You may obtain a copy of the License at
	//
	// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
	//
	// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
	// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
	// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
	// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
	// limitations under the License.

	package com.google.devtools.build.lib.exec;

	import com.google.common.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
	import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
	import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList;
	import com.google.common.collect.Iterables;
	import com.google.common.collect.Lists;
	import com.google.common.util.concurrent.ListenableFuture;
	import com.google.common.util.concurrent.SettableFuture;
	import com.google.devtools.build.lib.actions.ActionExecutionContext;
	import com.google.devtools.build.lib.actions.ActionOwner;
	import com.google.devtools.build.lib.actions.Artifact;
	import com.google.devtools.build.lib.actions.CommandLineExpansionException;
	import com.google.devtools.build.lib.actions.ExecException;
	import com.google.devtools.build.lib.actions.UserExecException;
	import com.google.devtools.build.lib.analysis.config.BuildConfiguration;
	import com.google.devtools.build.lib.analysis.config.PerLabelOptions;
	import com.google.devtools.build.lib.analysis.test.TestActionContext;
	import com.google.devtools.build.lib.analysis.test.TestConfiguration;
	import com.google.devtools.build.lib.analysis.test.TestResult;
	import com.google.devtools.build.lib.analysis.test.TestRunnerAction;
	import com.google.devtools.build.lib.analysis.test.TestRunnerAction.ResolvedPaths;
	import com.google.devtools.build.lib.analysis.test.TestTargetExecutionSettings;
	import com.google.devtools.build.lib.cmdline.Label;
	import com.google.devtools.build.lib.events.Event;
	import com.google.devtools.build.lib.events.EventKind;
	import com.google.devtools.build.lib.util.Fingerprint;
	import com.google.devtools.build.lib.util.OS;
	import com.google.devtools.build.lib.util.io.OutErr;
	import com.google.devtools.build.lib.vfs.Path;
	import com.google.devtools.build.lib.vfs.PathFragment;
	import com.google.devtools.build.lib.view.test.TestStatus.BlazeTestStatus;
	import com.google.devtools.build.lib.view.test.TestStatus.TestCase;
	import com.google.devtools.build.lib.view.test.TestStatus.TestResultData;
	import com.google.devtools.common.options.EnumConverter;
	import java.io.Closeable;
	import java.io.IOException;
	import java.io.InputStream;
	import java.time.Duration;
	import java.util.HashMap;
	import java.util.List;
	import java.util.Map;
	import java.util.Objects;
	import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
	import javax.annotation.Nullable;

	/** A strategy for executing a {@link TestRunnerAction}. */
	public abstract class TestStrategy implements TestActionContext {
	private final ConcurrentHashMap<ShardKey, ListenableFuture<Void>> futures =
	new ConcurrentHashMap<>();

	/**
	* Ensures that all directories used to run test are in the correct state and their content will
	* not result in stale files.
	*/
	protected void prepareFileSystem(
	TestRunnerAction testAction, Path execRoot, Path tmpDir, Path workingDirectory)
	throws IOException {
	if (tmpDir != null) {
	recreateDirectory(tmpDir);
	}
	if (workingDirectory != null) {
	workingDirectory.createDirectoryAndParents();
	}

	ResolvedPaths resolvedPaths = testAction.resolve(execRoot);
	if (testAction.isCoverageMode()) {
	recreateDirectory(resolvedPaths.getCoverageDirectory());
	}

	resolvedPaths.getBaseDir().createDirectoryAndParents();
	resolvedPaths.getUndeclaredOutputsDir().createDirectoryAndParents();
	resolvedPaths.getUndeclaredOutputsAnnotationsDir().createDirectoryAndParents();
	resolvedPaths.getSplitLogsDir().createDirectoryAndParents();
	}

	/**
	* Ensures that all directories used to run test are in the correct state and their content will
	* not result in stale files. Only use this if no local tmp and working directory are required.
	*/
	protected void prepareFileSystem(TestRunnerAction testAction, Path execRoot) throws IOException {
	prepareFileSystem(testAction, execRoot, null, null);
	}

	/** Removes directory if it exists and recreates it. */
	private void recreateDirectory(Path directory) throws IOException {
	directory.deleteTree();
	directory.createDirectoryAndParents();
	}

	/** An enum for specifying different formats of test output. */
	public enum TestOutputFormat {
	SUMMARY, // Provide summary output only.
	ERRORS, // Print output from failed tests to the stderr after the test failure.
	ALL, // Print output from all tests to the stderr after the test completion.
	STREAMED; // Stream output for each test.

	/** Converts to {@link TestOutputFormat}. */
	public static class Converter extends EnumConverter<TestOutputFormat> {
	public Converter() {
	super(TestOutputFormat.class, "test output");
	}
	}
	}

	/** An enum for specifying different formatting styles of test summaries. */
	public enum TestSummaryFormat {
	SHORT, // Print information only about tests.
	TERSE, // Like "SHORT", but even shorter: Do not print PASSED and NO STATUS tests.
	DETAILED, // Print information only about failed test cases.
	NONE, // Do not print summary.
	TESTCASE; // Print summary in test case resolution, do not print detailed information about
	// failed test cases.

	/** Converts to {@link TestSummaryFormat}. */
	public static class Converter extends EnumConverter<TestSummaryFormat> {
	public Converter() {
	super(TestSummaryFormat.class, "test summary");
	}
	}
	}

	public static final PathFragment TEST_TMP_ROOT = PathFragment.create("_tmp");

	// Used for generating unique temporary directory names. Contains the next numeric index for every
	// executable base name.
	private final Map<String, Integer> tmpIndex = new HashMap<>();
	protected final ExecutionOptions executionOptions;
	protected final BinTools binTools;

	public TestStrategy(ExecutionOptions executionOptions, BinTools binTools) {
	this.executionOptions = executionOptions;
	this.binTools = binTools;
	}

	@Override
	public final boolean isTestKeepGoing() {
	return executionOptions.testKeepGoing;
	}

	@Override
	public final ListenableFuture<Void> getTestCancelFuture(ActionOwner owner, int shardNum) {
	ShardKey key = new ShardKey(owner, shardNum);
	return futures.computeIfAbsent(key, (k) -> SettableFuture.<Void>create());
	}

	/**
	* Generates a command line to run for the test action, taking into account coverage and {@code
	* --run_under} settings.
	*
	* <p>Basically {@code expandedArgsFromAction}, but throws ExecException instead. This should be
	* used in action execution.
	*
	* @param testAction The test action.
	* @return the command line as string list.
	* @throws ExecException
	*/
	public static ImmutableList<String> getArgs(TestRunnerAction testAction) throws ExecException {
	try {
	return expandedArgsFromAction(testAction);
	} catch (CommandLineExpansionException e) {
	throw new UserExecException(e);
	}
	}

	/**
	* Generates a command line to run for the test action, taking into account coverage and {@code
	* --run_under} settings.
	*
	* @param testAction The test action.
	* @return the command line as string list.
	* @throws CommandLineExpansionException
	*/
	public static ImmutableList<String> expandedArgsFromAction(TestRunnerAction testAction)
	throws CommandLineExpansionException {
	List<String> args = Lists.newArrayList();
	// TODO(ulfjack): `executedOnWindows` is incorrect for remote execution, where we need to
	// consider the target configuration, not the machine Bazel happens to run on. Change this to
	// something like: testAction.getConfiguration().getTargetOS() == OS.WINDOWS
	final boolean executedOnWindows = (OS.getCurrent() == OS.WINDOWS);

	Artifact testSetup = testAction.getTestSetupScript();
	args.add(testSetup.getExecPath().getCallablePathString());

	if (testAction.isCoverageMode()) {
	args.add(testAction.getCollectCoverageScript().getExecPathString());
	}

	TestTargetExecutionSettings execSettings = testAction.getExecutionSettings();

	// Insert the command prefix specified by the "--run_under=<command-prefix>" option, if any.
	if (execSettings.getRunUnder() != null) {
	addRunUnderArgs(testAction, args, executedOnWindows);
	}

	// Execute the test using the alias in the runfiles tree, as mandated by the Test Encyclopedia.
	args.add(execSettings.getExecutable().getRootRelativePath().getCallablePathString());
	Iterables.addAll(args, execSettings.getArgs().arguments());
	return ImmutableList.copyOf(args);
	}

	private static void addRunUnderArgs(
	TestRunnerAction testAction, List<String> args, boolean executedOnWindows) {
	TestTargetExecutionSettings execSettings = testAction.getExecutionSettings();
	if (execSettings.getRunUnderExecutable() != null) {
	args.add(execSettings.getRunUnderExecutable().getRootRelativePath().getCallablePathString());
	} else {
	if (execSettings.needsShell(executedOnWindows)) {
	// TestActionBuilder constructs TestRunnerAction with a 'null' shell only when none is
	// required. Something clearly went wrong.
	Preconditions.checkNotNull(testAction.getShExecutableMaybe(), "%s", testAction);
	String shellExecutable = testAction.getShExecutableMaybe().getPathString();
	args.add(shellExecutable);
	args.add("-c");
	args.add("\"$@\"");
	args.add(shellExecutable); // Sets $0.
	}
	args.add(execSettings.getRunUnder().getCommand());
	}
	args.addAll(testAction.getExecutionSettings().getRunUnder().getOptions());
	}

	/**
	* Returns the number of attempts specific test action can be retried.
	*
	* <p>For rules with "flaky = 1" attribute, this method will return 3 unless --flaky_test_attempts
	* option is given and specifies another value.
	*/
	@VisibleForTesting /* protected */
	public int getTestAttempts(TestRunnerAction action) {
	return action.getTestProperties().isFlaky()
	? getTestAttemptsForFlakyTest(action)
	: getTestAttempts(action, /defaultTestAttempts=/ 1);
	}

	public int getTestAttemptsForFlakyTest(TestRunnerAction action) {
	return getTestAttempts(action, /defaultTestAttempts=/ 3);
	}

	private int getTestAttempts(TestRunnerAction action, int defaultTestAttempts) {
	Label testLabel = action.getOwner().getLabel();
	return getTestAttemptsPerLabel(executionOptions, testLabel, defaultTestAttempts);
	}

	private static int getTestAttemptsPerLabel(
	ExecutionOptions options, Label label, int defaultTestAttempts) {
	// Check from the last provided, so that the last option provided takes precedence.
	for (PerLabelOptions perLabelAttempts : Lists.reverse(options.testAttempts)) {
	if (perLabelAttempts.isIncluded(label)) {
	String attempts = Iterables.getOnlyElement(perLabelAttempts.getOptions());
	if ("default".equals(attempts)) {
	return defaultTestAttempts;
	}
	return Integer.parseInt(attempts);
	}
	}
	return defaultTestAttempts;
	}

	/**
	* Returns timeout value in seconds that should be used for the given test action. We always use
	* the "categorical timeouts" which are based on the --test_timeout flag. A rule picks its timeout
	* but ends up with the same effective value as all other rules in that bucket.
	*/
	protected final Duration getTimeout(TestRunnerAction testAction) {
	BuildConfiguration configuration = testAction.getConfiguration();
	return configuration
	.getFragment(TestConfiguration.class)
	.getTestTimeout()
	.get(testAction.getTestProperties().getTimeout());
	}

	/*
	* Finalize test run: persist the result, and post on the event bus.
	*/
	protected void postTestResult(ActionExecutionContext actionExecutionContext, TestResult result)
	throws IOException {
	result.getTestAction().saveCacheStatus(actionExecutionContext, result.getData());
	actionExecutionContext.getEventHandler().post(result);
	}

	/**
	* Returns a unique name for a temporary directory a test could use.
	*
	* <p>Since each test within single Blaze run must have a unique TEST_TMPDIR, we will use rule
	* name and a unique (within single Blaze request) number to generate directory name.
	*
	* <p>This does not create the directory.
	*/
	protected String getTmpDirName(PathFragment execPath) {
	String basename = execPath.getBaseName();

	synchronized (tmpIndex) {
	int index = tmpIndex.containsKey(basename) ? tmpIndex.get(basename) : 1;
	tmpIndex.put(basename, index + 1);
	return basename + "_" + index;
	}
	}

	public static String getTmpDirName(TestRunnerAction action) {
	Fingerprint digest = new Fingerprint();
	digest.addPath(action.getExecutionSettings().getExecutable().getExecPath());
	digest.addInt(action.getShardNum());
	digest.addInt(action.getRunNumber());
	// Truncate the string to 32 character to avoid exceeding path length limit on Windows and macOS
	return digest.hexDigestAndReset().substring(0, 32);
	}

	/** Parse a test result XML file into a {@link TestCase}. */
	@Nullable
	protected TestCase parseTestResult(Path resultFile) {
	/* xml files. We avoid parsing it unnecessarily, since test results can potentially consume
	a large amount of memory. */
	if ((executionOptions.testSummary != TestSummaryFormat.DETAILED)
	&& (executionOptions.testSummary != TestSummaryFormat.TESTCASE)) {
	return null;
	}

	try (InputStream fileStream = resultFile.getInputStream()) {
	return new TestXmlOutputParser().parseXmlIntoTestResult(fileStream);
	} catch (IOException \| TestXmlOutputParserException e) {
	return null;
	}
	}

	/**
	* Outputs test result to the stdout after test has finished (e.g. for --test_output=all or
	* --test_output=errors). Will also try to group output lines together (up to 10000 lines) so
	* parallel test outputs will not get interleaved.
	*/
	protected void processTestOutput(
	ActionExecutionContext actionExecutionContext,
	TestResultData testResultData,
	String testName,
	Path testLog)
	throws IOException {
	boolean isPassed = testResultData.getTestPassed();
	try {
	if (testResultData.getStatus() != BlazeTestStatus.INCOMPLETE
	&& TestLogHelper.shouldOutputTestLog(executionOptions.testOutput, isPassed)) {
	TestLogHelper.writeTestLog(
	testLog, testName, actionExecutionContext.getFileOutErr().getOutputStream());
	}
	} finally {
	if (isPassed) {
	actionExecutionContext.getEventHandler().handle(Event.of(EventKind.PASS, null, testName));
	} else {
	if (testResultData.hasStatusDetails()) {
	actionExecutionContext
	.getEventHandler()
	.handle(Event.error(testName + ": " + testResultData.getStatusDetails()));
	}
	if (testResultData.getStatus() == BlazeTestStatus.TIMEOUT) {
	actionExecutionContext
	.getEventHandler()
	.handle(Event.of(EventKind.TIMEOUT, null, testName + " (see " + testLog + ")"));
	} else if (testResultData.getStatus() == BlazeTestStatus.INCOMPLETE) {
	actionExecutionContext
	.getEventHandler()
	.handle(Event.of(EventKind.CANCELLED, null, testName));
	} else {
	actionExecutionContext
	.getEventHandler()
	.handle(Event.of(EventKind.FAIL, null, testName + " (see " + testLog + ")"));
	}
	}
	}
	}

	/**
	* Returns a temporary directory for all tests in a workspace to use. Individual tests should
	* create child directories to actually use.
	*
	* <p>This either dynamically generates a directory name or uses the directory specified by
	* --test_tmpdir. This does not create the directory.
	*/
	public static Path getTmpRoot(Path workspace, Path execRoot, ExecutionOptions executionOptions) {
	return executionOptions.testTmpDir != null
	? workspace.getRelative(executionOptions.testTmpDir).getRelative(TEST_TMP_ROOT)
	: execRoot.getRelative(TEST_TMP_ROOT);
	}

	/**
	* For an given environment, returns a subset containing all variables in the given list if they
	* are defined in the given environment.
	*/
	@VisibleForTesting
	public static Map<String, String> getMapping(
	Iterable<String> variables, Map<String, String> environment) {
	Map<String, String> result = new HashMap<>();
	for (String var : variables) {
	if (environment.containsKey(var)) {
	result.put(var, environment.get(var));
	}
	}
	return result;
	}

	protected static void closeSuppressed(Throwable e, @Nullable Closeable c) {
	if (c == null) {
	return;
	}
	try {
	c.close();
	} catch (IOException e2) {
	e.addSuppressed(e2);
	}
	}

	protected Closeable createStreamedTestOutput(OutErr outErr, Path testLogPath) throws IOException {
	return new StreamedTestOutput(outErr, testLogPath);
	}

	private static final class ShardKey {
	private final ActionOwner owner;
	private final int shard;

	ShardKey(ActionOwner owner, int shard) {
	this.owner = Preconditions.checkNotNull(owner);
	this.shard = shard;
	}

	@Override
	public int hashCode() {
	return Objects.hash(owner, shard);
	}

	@Override
	public boolean equals(Object o) {
	if (this == o) {
	return true;
	}
	if (!(o instanceof ShardKey)) {
	return false;
	}
	ShardKey s = (ShardKey) o;
	return owner.equals(s.owner) && shard == s.shard;
	}
	}
	}